SITI NURAISYAH BINTI SHAMSUL KAMAL POLITEKNIK SULTAN SALAHUDDIN ABDUL AZIZ SHAH, SHAH ALAM
This paper presents WiStetho, a real-time Wi-Fi enabled digital stethoscope developed to facilitate remote cardiopulmonary monitoring and reduce the need for close physical contact during clinical assessment. Traditional stethoscopes require patient–clinician proximity, increasing infection risks during outbreaks and limiting safe diagnostic interaction. To overcome this constraint, WiStetho employs an ESP32 microcontroller with integrated Wi-Fi to acquire, process, and transmit heart sounds wirelessly to a smartphone or computer in real time. The system architecture integrates a high-sensitivity microphone, analog signal conditioning, digital filtering, and a custom on-board algorithm that supports waveform visualization on the Blynk platform. Performance evaluation was conducted by comparing heart rates measured using WiStetho against reference ranges established by the International Society for Holter and
Noninvasive Electrocardiology (ISHNE) across six age categories. The device demonstrated proportional error values of 0.43 (infants), 0.51 (children), 0.45 (teenagers), 0.53 (young adults), with higher deviations observed among adults (0.60) and the elderly (0.64). Reduced accuracy in older groups is attributed to physiological variability and diminished acoustic clarity. Overall, WiStetho demonstrates the feasibility of a low-cost, Wi-Fi-based wireless auscultation system capable of reliable real-time remote monitoring. Its efficient processing pipeline and seamless wireless transmission highlight strong potential for telemedicine, home-based monitoring, and use in high-risk or isolated clinical environments.